Researching Human Service Agencies Essay Example for Free

Researching Human Service Agencies Essay Researching Human Service Agencies Michelle Pacheco HSM/210 June 20, 2012 Morgan Gamble The Family Outreach, Inc. serves over 400 families and individuals that live within the 12 counties of Southwestern Montana by providing services to families and individuals with developmental disabilities or at risk of developmental disabilities. The client base is from birth to adulthood. The main goal for this program is to keep children and families together, to educate families on how to live together, and educate on the disability. The needs being met are for both children, adults with special needs, and families. The article states the needs being met include: â€Å"primarily educational we teach families and friends how to teach skills to children and adults with special needs. We teach families and individuals how to become advocates. We encourage the development of skills that move people towards greater independence and inclusion in their communities. Supportive based on a family’s or individual’s chosen goals and expressed needs we provide other support services and help families find appropriate services. We assist families and individuals in building their own resource and support systems. We help provide services that wrap around children and adults in their natural environments. † Parents, Lets Unite for Kids-PLUK- PLUK is a non-profit organization that serves children with special needs in the state of Montana for the purpose of information, support, training and assistance. It was founded by parents who felt strongly that parents of children with disabilities need to band together to give each other information and support. The two groups are focused on the same thing and that is assisting individuals and families that are dealing with developmental disabilities. The Family Outreach attempts to meet the human needs of not separating families. They try and keep the families together and for families and adults to be nurtured and loved. They attempt to give the basic needs to families and individuals with education, shelter, and assistance on how to live as a family unit while dealing with the disability. The PLUK is focused on assisting children and adults with disabilities at school, work, and in the community. Support for families so that they can nurture their children in the home. The differences observed between the two agencies are that the Family Outreach only serves parts of Montana, while the PLUK serves families all over the state of Montana. They both have the focus of being non-profit and assisting families through education and support. The PLUK is based on the needs of children with disabilities and the Family Outreach is based on children and adults with disabilities. The PLUK is more focused on outsourcing for assistance such as doctors and psychologists, etc. While the Family Outreach is more focused on keeping the services â€Å"in house† so to speak. They both want the best for families and individuals dealing with disabilities and assisting in any way to help the individual maintain a â€Å"normal† life. The Family Outreach started in 1977 with 64 families and has grown to assisting over 400 families and individuals. The PLUK is much larger and has over 30,000 families that receive assistance. There are no statistics on their website and no one was available to speak over the phone regarding statistics when I called either place. The challenges that may be preventing the agencies from meeting certain goals are funding (donations). The Family Outreach runs off of donations and government funding with certain programs. The PLUK is parents and community members that volunteer their time. If the Family Outreach were to lose funding or if people were to stop donating, they could lose the agency as a whole. Many of their clients are on Social Security and on Medicaid. If either one of those programs were to go away, the clients would turn more to the program for assistance and without the funding, grants, and donations the agencies receive they would have nowhere for their clients to turn. They would have to turn down many clients. Volunteers are another challenge. Many people do not want to volunteer their time and if the people that are volunteering stop, the clients would be affected the most. The PLUK serves over 30,000 families. Without the families, doctors, psychologist, and friends donating their time, there Sources for this Assignment: Parents, Lets Unite for Kids- PLUK. (2011). Retrieved from http://www. pluk. org Family Outreach Inc.. (2005). Retrieved from http://www. familyoutreach. org

History And Formation Of Newtons Rings

History And Formation Of Newtons Rings In this experiment the physical property of interference of light will be used to determine the wavelength,, of a light source. The interference fringe system here is a pattern of concentric circles, the diameter of which you will measure with a travelling microscope (which has a Vernier scale). If a clean convex lens is placed on a clean glass slide (optically flat) and viewed in monochromatic light, a series of rings may be seen around the point of contact between the lens and the slide. These rings are known as Newtons rings and they arise from the interference of light reflected from the glass surfaces at the air film between the lens and the slide. The experimental set-up is shown in figure 1. History of history of Newtons ring The phenomenon of Newtons rings, named after sir Isaac Newton who first studied them in 1717, Newtons rings is a pattern of interference caused by two surfaces after reflection of light a sphere surface and an adjacent flat surface. When view with monochromatic light its appears as a series of concentric, alternating bright and dark rings centered at the point of contact between the two surfaces. When we see with white light, it forms like a rainbow colours concentric ring pattern because the different wavelengths of light interfere at different thickness of the layer between the surfaces. The light reflected from both surfaces caused by constructive interference, while the dark rings are caused by destructive. Perhaps, the outer rings are more closely spaced than the inner. So the above phenomenon was first described by Robert Hooke in his 1664 book Micrographia although its name derives from the physicist sir Isaac Newton, who was the first to analyze it. Newtons rings The term Newtons rings is a ring formed by the glass of curved, typically a convex lens, is put in contact with a glass of a plan surface. The curved glass kept on the plan glass, forming a film of air between them is increasingly larger along the length of the curve. When light is directed into the curved glass, a many of concentric circles appears. That is why the rings are referred to as Newtons rings. Which was the first to observe the phenomenon by Sir Isaac Newton? The Newtons rings formed will be phenomenon typically is dark alternating with bright, with the dark beginning in the center. It is formed as a result of interference between the light reflected by the two surfaces. Towards the application, Newtons rings can be used by lens makers to find out the quality of a lens. In a well-made lens, the rings should be uniform. When a convex surface with its Plano-convex lens is placed on a glass sheet, an air film of gradually increasing thickness outward is formed between the lens and the sheet. The thickness of film at the point of contact is zero. If light is allowed to fall on the lens, and the film is viewed in reflected light, alternate bright and dark concentric rings are seen around the point of contact. (Source google.com) Newtons Rings, it is visible a pattern of light and dark circles when a convex lens is placed, curved side down, on top of a flat piece of glass. The pattern was first observed by Sir Isaac Newton. The rings are caused by interference of light waves. When a light is falls downward onto the two pieces of glass, two overlapping beams of light are formed-one from light reflected by the lower surface of the curved glass and the other from light reflected by the upper surface of the flat glass. The light reflected from the plane glass moves farther than the light reflected from the curved glass. It depends on the distance between the two surfaces, light waves in the two beams may be in phase, and reinforcing each other or they may be out of phase, canceling each other out. Since the distances between the two reflecting surfaces increases with distance from the point where the lens and flat glass make contact, the areas where the waves are in phase and out of phase occur in concentric bands around the center of the lens. If the beam of light falls at the two pieces of glass is of a single wavelength i.e. monochromatic, the rings are thin circles of a single color. The rings are fewer in number, but highly colored when white light is used Formation of Newtons Rings Newtons rings are formed as a result of interference between the light waves reflected from the top and bottom surfaces of the air film formed between the lens and glass sheet. The phenomenon of the formation of Newtons ring can be explained on the basis of wave theory of light i.e.: An air film of varying thickness is formed between lens and the glass sheet. When a ray is incident on the surface of the lens, it is reflected as well as refracted. When the refracted ray strikes the glass sheet, it undergoes a phase change of 180 on the reflection. Interference occurs between two waves which interfere constructively if path differences between them is (m+1/2) 1 and destructively if path difference between them is ml producing alternate bright and dark rings. Radius of Newtons Ring Let the radius of curvature of the convex lens is R and the radius of ring is r. Consider light of wave length l falls on the lens. After refraction and reflection two rays 1 and 2 are obtained. These rays interfere each other producing alternate bright and dark rings. At the point of contact the thickness of air film is zero and the path difference is also zero and as a 180O path difference occurs, so they cancel each other and a dark ring is obtained at the centre. As we move away from the central point, path difference is also changed and alternate dark and bright rings are obtained. Let us suppose that the thickness of air film ist. By using the theorem of geometry, x = x r x r = t (2R t) = (2Rt -) Sincet is very small as compare to r, therefore neglecting = 2Rt r2 = 2Rt.. (1) In thin films, path difference for constructive interference is: 2nt = (m+1/2) l Where n= refractive index for air n = 1 Therefore, 2t = (m+1/2)l .. (2) For first bright ring m = 0 for second bright ring m = 1 For third bright ring m = 2 Similarly For Nth bright ring m = N-1 Putting the value of m in equation (2) 2t = (N-1+1/2)l 2t = (N-1/2)l t =1/2 (N-1/2) l .. (3) Putting the value oft in equation (1) r2 = 2Rt r2 = 2R. 1/2 (N-1/2) l r2 = R (N-1/2) l = Where N is the bright ring number, R is the radius of curvature of the lens the light is passing through, and ÃŽÂ » is the wavelength of the light passing through the glass. Working of Newtons Ring When convex surface of a long focal length lens is placed in contact with a plane glass disk and clamped together, as shown in cross section below. Adjustment screws are tightened to secure intimate contact at the center. Between the two surfaces of glass a thin film of air is formed and when this band is viewed under reflected light from an extensive light source. We ignore reflections from the top (Plano-convex lens) and bottom (plane glass disk) as these reflections just contribute to the overall glare. Since the wave is going from a higher to lower refractive index medium, there is no phase change at the glass air surface of convex lens. Whereas at the air-glass surface of the plane disk suffers a half-cycle phase shift due to reflection. Let R be the radius of curvature of the convex lens, r distance from center and the t air film thickness. Then, = 2Rt And the radius of the bright ring is given by: = [(N +  ½) ÃŽÂ »R]  ½ Here the two glass surfaces are in close contact and there is no reflection because it is as if there were no surfaces. The reflected light is almost white in colour for first maximum, this is because the distance between the two glass surfaces is such that its almost () ÃŽÂ » for the entire spectrum. Similarly succeeding rings exhibit more and more colour. Where the thickness is odd number N of (1/4) ÃŽÂ » for green, and where blue is about (N+1) (1/4) ÃŽÂ » and red is (N-1) (1/4) ÃŽÂ » will be most monochromatic ring. Therefore blue and red at reflection minima while green is at a reflection maximum. The experimental procedure to find the radius of Newtons bright ring is as follows. The convex surface of large radius of curvature is placed in contact with a plane glass disk and clamped together Adjustment screws are tightened to secure intimate contact at the center A thin film of air is formed between the 2 surfaces of glass The thin film of air is viewed under reflected light from an extensive light source Reflections from the top ( Plano-convex lens) and the bottom ( plane glass disk) are ignored, since these reflections just contribute to the overall glare The reflections of interest involves where the surfaces in contact Since the wave is going from higher to a lower refractive index medium, there is no phase change at the glass-air surface of the convex lens Whereas at the air-glass surface of the plane disk suffers a half-cycle phase shift due to reflection. Taking R as the radius of curvature of the convex lens, the relation between the radius of the ring r and the air-film thickness t is given by r2 = 2Rt . Then radius of the nth bright ring will be given by = The Newtons ring is used to;  · Illustrate the interference fringes formed in the air film between optical surfaces.  · Newtons rings are used to determine the radius of curvature of the bi convex or Plano-convex lens  · Measure the refractive index of a substance placed beneath the same lens.  · Determine the wavelength of sodium light

Eluded Socialist Allusions within Steinbecks Grapes of Wrath :: essays papers

Eluded Socialist Allusions within Steinbecks Grapes of Wrath Imagine awaking to the first rays of dawn, finding yourself lying on a tattered scrap of cardboard beneath a highway overpass. Your empty stomach churns with numbing hunger and you know today will be yet another listless scramble for survival. Homeless, jobless, and hungry, you glare with fervent jealousy at those clothed, groomed, and pompous passers-by grasping their purses and wallets tightly when they catch sight of you. Ashamed and enraged, you feel cheated and wonder how it is possible for such financial diversity to exist within the same city. You pitifully prop yourself against a wall on a busy street corner and await the morning rush hour that will supply your meager breakfast. The extreme poverty experienced by the unfortunate farmers who were forced into vagrancy during the Great Depression is not unlike the neediness that exists in American ghettos today. Such widespread destitution is a direct result of an inadequate economic system. Through tales of helpless fa milies’ tribulation, Steinbeck and Kotlowitz disclose the defects of the capitalist system in The Grapes of Wrath and There Are No Children Here, meanwhile alluding to an alternative economic structure: socialism. Throughout the novels, disadvantaged families become helpless victims of the lack of effective government aid in their area, an adverse effect of extreme capitalism. The Chicago Housing Authority actually hired â€Å"private security guards [who] searched out the squatters and physically removed them† (Kotlowitz 79). By kicking homeless people back out on the street, this government outfit coldly disregarded the basic human need of shelter in order to preserve their right to the decrepit property of the Henry Horner Homes. Such self-interested procedures are frequent and permitted through the capitalist ideas of personal property ownership. The â€Å"salesmen, neat, deadly, [with] small, intent eyes watching for weakness† depicted in an intercalary chapter are exemplary members of those who abuse the system . These malefactors, examples of limitless capitalism fueled by selfishness and greed, are able to prey on the vulnerable migrants because the mandating power set no restrictions against such unjust monopoly. Similarly, the violence that denigrates childhood in There Are No Children Here could be prevented if the government enforced laws against such brutality. Unfortunately, rash and illegal gang business is transacted with impunity in the Henry Horner Homes area daily because no one bothers to regulate illicit activity.

Selfish Edna Pontellier of Kate Chopins The Awakening :: Chopin Awakening Essays

Selfish Edna of The Awakening  Ã‚  Ã‚   In   Kate Chopin’s, The Awakening, the reader immediately notices the sexual undertones of Mrs. Mallard and Robert’s relationship and the strained relationship between Mr. and Mrs. Mallard. There are always going to be women who do not want the routine â€Å"married with children† lifestyle, unfortunately in Edna’s time period that was the primary role of women. Had she been living in today perhaps she would have been without a husband and children, possibly totally devoted to a career in the arts and totally single. Back to her reality though: I believe she is unsure if she wants that one true love (supposedly Robert) or if she just wants anyone who will pay her a little attention and is fun (supposedly Alcee Arobin). Edna wants to be Wild and Free, not saying that there is anything wrong with that, but she needs to recognize it for what it is because she is really fooling herself. Edna’s husband is looking for the all devoted wife and mother and Edna is looking for anything that’s not conforming. Due to that it really strikes me as being ironic that she and Mrs. Ratignolle would be such good friends. I can’t tell if that is because secretly maybe Edna wish she could be happy with the life she is leading (like Mrs. Ratignolle) or does she want to have her around as a reminder of all she never wants to be. I found all of her â€Å"times of awakening† to be interesting because they usually included hr being very abrupt and uncooperative with her husband. She liked to wander off without him allot and only seemed to really be happy when quietly tucked away somewhere with someone else (not always a man). I found her to also be a bit vain in that she made sure she got something from everyone she allowed into her life but she didn’t really seem to give back. She was so angry with herself and the world that she was subjected to live the life that she was living that she sometimes wanted to make everyone else pay for it. Her husband and her were apart a lot, so that even if they had been in a good relationship the time apart would have still caused problems â€Å"I believe in out of sight out of mind, rather than, absence makes the heart grow fonder.

The Prince And The Pauper :: essays research papers

The Prince and the Pauper On an autumn day in the ancient city of London, in the second quarter of sixteenth century, a boy was born to a poor family of the name Canty. On the same day another English baby was born of a rich family of the name of Tudor. There was talk in England about the new baby, Edward Tudor, Prince of Wales, who lapped in silk and satin. While on the other hand Tom Canty, who lapped in his poor rags, was seen as trouble.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For fifteen years, Tom Canty lived in place where it is narrow and dirty, which is not far from London Bridge. He lived with his two sisters, Bet and Nan, with his father and grandmother and his mother who is a beggar. They get their income by begging and stealing things that can be reused. Tom spends his time listening to father Andrew's old tales, legends and stories about gorgeous kings and prince. Because of this, he dreamt of seeing a real prince and sometimes he would even dream of becoming a prince himself. So one day his dreams carry him to the castle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the castle the prince was playing. When he saw Tom, he commanded the guard to let him in and so the guard opens the gate and Tom entered with amazement. The prince entertained Tom and asked questions about him. Tom answered his questions and even said stories about the place he lived in. They became at ease to each other that they decided to exchange their garments. Then they stood before the mirror and they were so alike that it seems that there was no change at all. Then the prince called the guard because he noticed the soldier had hurt Tom's finger. But then, when the guard arrived he thought that the pauper was hurting the prince so the prince was dragged out of the palace. The pauper was shocked and so helpless. But before it happened the prince kept the seal on his desired placed. Now the poor little prince walked away from his palace and search for the home where Tom had described to him. He walked and walked and sought for people's help, but no one bel ieved him except for Miles Hendon. On the other hand, Tom told stories to the members of the palace about what had happened and he told them that he was just a pauper but they didn't believe him. The Prince And The Pauper :: essays research papers The Prince and the Pauper On an autumn day in the ancient city of London, in the second quarter of sixteenth century, a boy was born to a poor family of the name Canty. On the same day another English baby was born of a rich family of the name of Tudor. There was talk in England about the new baby, Edward Tudor, Prince of Wales, who lapped in silk and satin. While on the other hand Tom Canty, who lapped in his poor rags, was seen as trouble.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For fifteen years, Tom Canty lived in place where it is narrow and dirty, which is not far from London Bridge. He lived with his two sisters, Bet and Nan, with his father and grandmother and his mother who is a beggar. They get their income by begging and stealing things that can be reused. Tom spends his time listening to father Andrew's old tales, legends and stories about gorgeous kings and prince. Because of this, he dreamt of seeing a real prince and sometimes he would even dream of becoming a prince himself. So one day his dreams carry him to the castle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the castle the prince was playing. When he saw Tom, he commanded the guard to let him in and so the guard opens the gate and Tom entered with amazement. The prince entertained Tom and asked questions about him. Tom answered his questions and even said stories about the place he lived in. They became at ease to each other that they decided to exchange their garments. Then they stood before the mirror and they were so alike that it seems that there was no change at all. Then the prince called the guard because he noticed the soldier had hurt Tom's finger. But then, when the guard arrived he thought that the pauper was hurting the prince so the prince was dragged out of the palace. The pauper was shocked and so helpless. But before it happened the prince kept the seal on his desired placed. Now the poor little prince walked away from his palace and search for the home where Tom had described to him. He walked and walked and sought for people's help, but no one bel ieved him except for Miles Hendon. On the other hand, Tom told stories to the members of the palace about what had happened and he told them that he was just a pauper but they didn't believe him.

Pakistan Day Celebration

Pakistan day is observed on 23rd march every year. It is an important day in the history of Pakistan. The Muslims of India demanded a separate homeland for themselves through a resolution called Pakistan resolution or Lahore resolution, This year also we celebrated Pakistan day with traditional zeal and fervor and renewed a pledge to make the country strong, progressive and prosperous Islamic welfare state. The day dawned with 31 gun salute in federal capital Islamabad and 21 gun salutes in provincial capitals. Special prayers were offered in all mosques. It was a public holiday.National flags were hoisted on all public and private buildings. Newspapers published special supplements featuring articles highlighting the importance of the day. They also printed rare photographs of the historical events. Radios and television channels aired special programmes including talk shows. The highlight of the day was the armed forces parade which was held at Jinnah sports stadium. The president and prime minister took the salute of the parade. Similarly in Karachi, the day was celebrated with great honor and dignity. The Governor and Chief Minister of Sindh visited the Mausoleum of Quaid-e-Azam.They laid floral wreath at Quaid-e-Azam’s mausoleum. The National museum Karachi arranged a special exhibition in connection with the Pakistan Day. This day is indeed one of the most important days in the history of our country. Energy crisis or Load Shedding of Electricity in the town. The people of Karachi know it very well that Karachi has become a city of problems. All these problems go together to make the life of Karachi ties very difficult. Perhaps the most serious of these is what we may call energy crisis there have been an acute shortage of electricity in our city during the last ten years.As a result the load shedding has become unavoidable. In fact the whole country has fallen a victim into this menace. But the situation is worst at Karachi and with the passage of time the duration of load shedding has greatly increased . Generally we have to pass six to twelve hours without electricity every day. Load shedding is the basic problem which gives rise to many other problems. People cannot sleep at night when the temperature is at its peak. The business of shopkeepers is also hampered particularly the people working on computers and owners of photo state shops are the worst sufferers.During the darkness the criminals get a free hand and there is an alarming increase in crimes during load shedding. The patients in the hospitals also have to suffer as all the hospitals do not have generators or ups, so it is clear that everybody living in Karachi has to undergo great difficulties. Promises in the reduction in the duration of load shedding are never fulfilled so the problem remains as it was years ago. The Book I like Most. The Holy Quran is my favorite book. It is the name of Allah’s book which has been revealed upon the last Prophet for ma nkind through the angel Gabriel.It is most often read and memorized and the most influential book in the world from literary point of view. Holy Quran is considered as the specimen of purest Arabic. It is a master piece of Arabic language and literature. The Quran is guidance for the whole humanity. It is essentially a code of human conduct. It covers all the aspects of human life. It offers guidance to those who seek it. It also defines the causes of decline of the nation. It prompts man to be practical in his daily life. Its importance is recognizes even by the non-Muslims. Its teachings are practically rational.The knowledge in the Holy Quran is not merely knowledge of religious affairs but also the knowledge of physical and other phenomenon of life. There are thirty chapters’ one hundred and fourteen surahs and six thousand six hundred and sixty six verses (Aayats) in it. By the grace of Al-mighty Allah, I have memorized many surahs with their Urdu translation. Holy Quran is the book which gives me guidance about both the worlds. It tells us what reward we can get if we do good deeds. We can get physical as well as spiritual guidance from it. In short Holy Quran is not only for an individual or a nation but also for the whole universe. Pakistan Day Celebration Pakistan day celebrations.Pakistan day is observed on 23rd march every year. It is an important day in the history of Pakistan. The Muslims of India demanded a separate homeland for themselves through a resolution called Pakistan resolution or Lahore resolution, This year also we celebrated Pakistan day with traditional zeal and fervor and renewed a pledge to make the country strong, progressive and prosperous Islamic welfare state. The day dawned with 31 gun salute in federal capital Islamabad and 21 gun salutes in provincial capitals. Special prayers were offered in all mosques. It was a public holiday. National flags were hoisted on all public and private buildings. Newspapers published special supplements featuring articles highlighting the importance of the day.They also printed rare photographs of the historical events. Radios and television channels aired special programmes including talk shows. The highlight of the day was the armed forces parade which was held at Jinnah spor ts stadium. The president and prime minister took the salute of the parade. Similarly in Karachi, the day was celebrated with great honor and dignity. The Governor and Chief Minister of Sindh visited the Mausoleum of Quaid-e-Azam. They laid floral wreath at Quaid-e-Azam’s mausoleum. The National museum Karachi arranged a special exhibition in connection with the Pakistan Day. This day is indeed one of the most important days in the history of our country. Energy crisis or Load Shedding of Electricity in the town.The people of Karachi know it very well that Karachi has become a city of problems. All these problems go together to make the life of Karachi ties very difficult. Perhaps the most serious of these is what we may call energy crisis there have been an acute shortage of electricity in our city during the last ten years. As a result the load shedding has become unavoidable. In fact the whole country has fallen a victim into this menace. But the situation is worst at Kara chi and with the passage of time the duration of load shedding has greatly increased .Generally we have to pass six to twelve hours without electricity every day. Load shedding is the basic problem which gives rise to many other problems.People cannot sleep at night when the temperature is at its peak. The business of shopkeepers is also hampered particularly the people working on computers and owners of photo state shops  are the worst sufferers. During the darkness the criminals get a free hand and there is an alarming increase in crimes during load shedding. The patients in the hospitals also have to suffer as all the hospitals do not have generators or ups, so it is clear that everybody living in Karachi has to undergo great difficulties. Promises in the reduction in the duration of load shedding are never fulfilled so the problem remains as it was years ago.The Book I like Most.The Holy Quran is my favorite book. It is the name of Allah’s book which has been revealed u pon the last Prophet for mankind through the angel Gabriel. It is most often read and memorized and the most influential book in the world from literary point of view. Holy Quran is considered as the specimen of purest Arabic. It is a master piece of Arabic language and literature. The Quran is guidance for the whole humanity. It is essentially a code of human conduct. It covers all the aspects of human life. It offers guidance to those who seek it. It also defines the causes of decline of the nation. It prompts man to be practical in his daily life. Its importance is recognizes even by the non-Muslims.Its teachings are practically rational. The knowledge in the Holy Quran is not merely knowledge of religious affairs but also the knowledge of physical and other phenomenon of life. There are thirty chapters’ one hundred and fourteen surahs and six thousand six hundred and sixty six verses (Aayats) in it. By the grace of Al-mighty Allah, I have memorized many surahs with their Urdu translation. Holy Quran is the book which gives me guidance about both the worlds. It tells us what reward we can get if we do good deeds. We can get physical as well as spiritual guidance from it. In short Holy Quran is not only for an individual or a nation but also for the whole universe.

Gwen Harwood Essay

To what extent does your response to ‘Father and Child’ inform your judgement of this poem and Harwood’s poetry as a whole? (In your essay refer to at least one other poem) For a true appreciation of the sanctity of life and for true spiritual maturation, an individual must accept and come to terms with the frail mortality of human life. Harwood’s poetry uses truly harrowing language to convey how her own personal experiences and relationships have led her to an enlightened state of being, with continual use of religious metaphor and allusion to convey her enriched spirituality. One of her poems that shows this is, At Mornington, is a reflection of her life, from her early childhood experiences at the beach, to her present middle-aged self, by the graves of her parents. Another that examines this is Father and Child, which is in two separate sections, the first depicting her initial confrontation with death as a child and the second conveying her acceptance of mortality when she is forced to part ways with her dying father. Life is a fleeting and impermanent state that must be treated with an almost religious sanctity in preserving and protecting it. In Father and Child, Harwood uses the innocent and protected narrative voice of a child to convey the distressing emotions she experiences while watching the pain and suffering of a barn owl, and her shock when witnessing the true nature of death. This is shown in the recurring accumulation of graphic, morbid imagery of the owl as â€Å"this obscene bundle of stuff that dropped, and dribbled through loose straw, tangling in bowels†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This confrontation leads her into a self-discovery of her own brutality (in the metaphor â€Å"eyes†¦ mirror my cruelty†) and the need to preserve life. It also develops her mental and spiritual maturation while coming to terms with the transience of life. Experiences and relationships can also shape one’s appreciation of life and understanding of the nature of death. This is shown in part two of the poem, Night Fall, when, through a mature narrative voice, Harwood explores how, through loss, we can accept the morbid nature of death and truly appreciate life, as evidenced in the last two lines of accumulation as the narrator mourns the loss of her father, â€Å"grown to learn what sorrows, in the end, no ords, no tears can mend†. This ultimately furthers her ability to realise the value in appreciating the sanctity of life and accepting the inevitability of death. An acceptance of the transient nature of life is an essential part in achieving an enriched state of being and acknowledging the limits of human existence. The second poem, At Mornington, juxtaposes the innocence of youth in her first stanza with the mature an d understanding of her present self, throughout the rest of the poem, to signify the changing perspectives induced by experience and age. The recurring water motif in â€Å"caught by a wave†¦ among rattling shells†¦ on what flood are they borne†¦ fugitive as light in a sea-wet shell†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is symbolic of the various stages of her life and the conflicting nature of emotion, conveying the impermanent and fragile nature of life as she comes to an understanding of its sanctity. Upon reflection, an individual may also find an acceptance of death in an understanding of the transient nature of life, through reminiscing old memories and appreciating the varied yet cyclical nature of life. This is shown through the consideration of past sentiments in the last stanza, using symbolism, metaphor and an accepting tone in â€Å"the peace of this day will shine like light on the face of the waters that bear me away for ever†. Harwood is able to convey this meaning through her poetry so that a responder may be able to reflect upon their own experiences and come to a better understanding and acceptance of life, giving one the opportunity to further their own experiences and enrich their own lives with these wisdoms. It also leads an individual into a self-discovery of their own personal truths in terms of an appreciation of the life they live. For it is only through an acceptance of the frailty of human life and the inevitability of death that an individual can reach true spiritual maturation and fully appreciate life.